The concept of vertical morality offers insight into the apparent contradiction between Christian values of compassion and the support for certain political ideologies, particularly within the MAGA movement. This ethical framework, which posits that moral behavior is dictated by an external authority, often God, raises questions about the alignment of Christian teachings with specific political policies.
Many Americans struggle to reconcile the teachings of Jesus—who emphasized love, mercy, and support for the marginalized—with the adoption of policies that appear to punish immigrants and demonize LGBTQ individuals. This dissonance can be traced back to what some describe as vertical morality, a term that delineates ethical behavior based on directives from a higher authority rather than on empathetic considerations for others.
According to Malynda Hale, an advocate and executive director of The New Evangelicals, “Vertical morality teaches that authority, power, and a moral code come from above—an external superior who designates rules that must be obeyed.” In a religious context, this authority is typically viewed as God; in politics, it may resemble an authoritarian leader. Under this framework, behaviors are deemed righteous or sinful based solely on what those in power dictate.
Ajoy, an educator and content creator, elaborates that vertical morality contrasts sharply with horizontal morality, which prioritizes the well-being of individuals and communities. “Someone with vertical morality may help those in need because they believe that’s what God wants,” Ajoy explained. “Conversely, someone with horizontal morality may assist others out of genuine concern for their welfare.” This distinction emphasizes the importance of empathy and compassion over mere obedience.
While both ethical frameworks have their place within Christianity, many advocates argue that the current focus on vertical morality overshadows the more compassionate aspects of the faith. Hale notes that when followers prioritize vertical morality, they may neglect the core teachings of Jesus. “In Matthew 25, Jesus describes those who care for the needy as having truly loved Him,” she said, reinforcing the idea that loving one’s neighbor is central to Christian belief.
Experts assert that the teachings of vertical morality can lead to dangerous political outcomes. Ajoy points out that many evangelicals believe all morality is rooted in God, which can result in justifying actions that harm others. “When Christians weaponize vertical morality, as seen with Christian nationalism during the Trump administration, it leads to a troubling landscape where compassion is often sidelined,” Ajoy stated.
The current political climate, particularly among conservative Christians, often sees a binary division where supporters of their agenda are viewed as virtuous, while opponents are labeled as evil. This perspective, according to Ajoy, is often influenced by a more rigid interpretation of scripture, which can overlook the compassionate teachings of Jesus in favor of Old Testament laws. She notes that this has contributed to a culture where empathy is demonized, and desensitization toward suffering becomes prevalent.
Vertical morality’s roots can be traced back to biblical narratives, such as the story of Abraham, who is praised for his willingness to sacrifice his son Isaac at God’s command. Klinger Cain highlights the troubling implications of this narrative, suggesting that under vertical morality, even actions that defy common sense can be justified as obedience to divine authority. “The notion that disobeying God is the ultimate sin can lead to harmful consequences,” she said.
As political engagement continues to evolve, Klinger Cain emphasizes that the framework of vertical morality has contributed to a cultural conflict. “Conservative Christians often promote policies that contradict the teachings of Jesus,” she explained. “They justify these actions through a vengeful interpretation of God and a need to conform to a specific moral code.” This alignment can lead to a dismissal of complex social issues in favor of a simplistic, authoritarian approach.
The appeal of vertical morality often lies in its straightforward nature, providing comfort in a chaotic world. Klinger Cain notes that individuals may gravitate towards such structures during times of uncertainty. “In moments of cultural change, people seek certainty and compliance, making it easier to accept authoritarianism in both religion and politics,” she said.
Hale further emphasizes the dangers of this moral framework, noting that it can blind individuals to systemic injustices. “When faith is measured by personal devotion rather than collective responsibility, it fosters a society where harmful actions go unaccounted for,” she stated. This focus on personal salvation can overshadow the need for social responsibility and empathy.
The risks associated with vertical morality extend beyond individual behavior. Ajoy warns that this belief system can lead to harm when individuals justify exclusionary practices as part of their moral duty. “There’s a long history of Christians causing suffering under the guise of obedience to God,” she said. “This mindset allows for the manipulation of God’s will to justify cruel actions.”
In summary, while vertical morality can offer spiritual depth, it must be balanced with horizontal ethics that prioritize love and compassion for others. Malynda Hale advocates for a holistic approach where faith is accompanied by action. “Faith without works is dead,” she asserts, underlining the importance of genuine engagement with the world.
As the discourse around vertical morality and its implications continues to unfold, it remains crucial to examine how these beliefs shape not only personal ethics but also broader political landscapes. The challenge lies in fostering a Christianity that embodies both vertical and horizontal moralities, ensuring that compassion and justice remain at the forefront of faith and action.
